BS EN 13814-1:2019+A1:2024
$215.11
Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices – Design and manufacture
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2024 | 182 |
This document specifies the minimum requirements necessary to ensure the safe design, calculation, manufacture, and installation of mobile, temporary or permanently installed machinery and structures which are intended for use by persons as a leisure activity, e.g. roundabouts, swings, boats, ferris wheels, roller coasters, chutes, booths, side shows, and structures for artistic aerial displays. The above items are hereafter called amusement devices, which are intended to be installed both repeatedly without degradation or loss of integrity, and temporarily or permanently in fairgrounds and amusement parks or any other locations. Grandstands, construction site installations, scaffolding, removable agricultural structures, simple coin operated children’s amusement devices, carrying up to three children, and recreational devices like waterslides or summer toboggan runs, playground equipment, rope courses, climbing wall, inflatable, trampolines, swimming pool equipment (this list is not exhaustive) are not covered by this document. For all the equipment not covered by the requirements of EN 13814-1, the relevant standards apply. Nevertheless this document can be used in the design of any similar structural or passenger carrying amusement device not explicitly mentioned herein. In terms of workers’ health and safety, national regulations apply. This document is applicable to manufacturing and major modification of amusement devices and rides for designs after the effective date of publication.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 10 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 13 | 3 Terms and definitions |
| 18 | 4 Requirements for design analysis 4.1 Design documents 4.1.1 General 4.1.2 Design risk assessment 4.1.3 Description of design and operation 4.1.4 Design and manufacturing drawings |
| 19 | 4.1.5 Principles of analysis |
| 20 | 4.2 Selection of materials 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 Recommended steels 4.2.2.1 General 4.2.2.2 Steels for structural components |
| 21 | 4.2.2.3 Steels for machinery and mechanisms 4.2.3 Aluminium alloy 4.2.4 Timber 4.2.5 Plastic composites 4.2.6 Concrete 4.2.7 Fasteners for structural components 4.2.8 Standards relating to ropes, chains, safety devices, connectors and adapters 4.2.8.1 General 4.2.8.2 Steel ropes |
| 22 | 4.2.8.3 Fibre ropes 4.2.8.4 Chains 4.3 Design loads 4.3.1 General |
| 23 | 4.3.2 Permanent actions 4.3.3 Variable actions 4.3.3.1 Imposed loads |
| 25 | 4.3.3.2 Driving forces and braking forces 4.3.3.3 Bracing and restraint loads 4.3.3.4 Wind loads |
| 26 | 4.3.3.5 Snow loads |
| 27 | 4.3.3.6 Inertia forces (centrifugal forces, gyroscopic forces and Coriolis forces) 4.3.3.7 Intentional collision during operation 4.3.4 Seismic forces |
| 28 | 4.3.5 Applicable coefficients 4.3.5.1 General 4.3.5.2 Impacts 4.3.5.3 Vibration of structural track components 4.3.5.4 Combined impact and vibration factors |
| 29 | 4.3.6 Load combination 4.3.6.1 General 4.3.6.2 Fundamental combinations 4.3.6.3 Accidental combination 4.3.6.4 Fatigue combination |
| 30 | 4.4 Structural analysis – Principles 4.4.1 General |
| 31 | 4.4.2 Analysis principles for various types of rides 4.4.2.1 Conditions for calculating rotating type amusement devices 4.4.2.2 Design and analysis principles for passenger carrying units 4.4.2.3 Roundabouts with several motions |
| 32 | 4.4.2.4 Roller coasters with rail track-bound vehicles |
| 35 | 4.4.3 Other railways with track-bound vehicles 4.4.3.1 Conventional railways 4.4.3.2 Suspended railways (or coasters) |
| 36 | 4.5 Verification of stability 4.5.1 Safety against overturning, sliding and lifting 4.5.1.1 General |
| 37 | 4.5.1.2 Overturning 4.5.1.3 Sliding |
| 38 | 4.5.1.4 Lifting 4.6 Ground anchorage 4.6.1 General |
| 39 | 4.6.2 Design load bearing capacity of weight anchors 4.6.3 Design load bearing capacity of rod anchors |
| 41 | 4.6.4 Testing of anchors (Numbering) 4.6.5 Calculation of loads on anchors |
| 42 | 4.6.6 Further requirements |
| 43 | 4.6.7 Ground support for packing 4.7 Verification of strength 4.7.1 General |
| 44 | 4.7.2 Predominantly static stress 4.7.3 Fluctuating stress 4.7.3.1 Fatigue assessment of structural components |
| 46 | 4.7.3.2 Fatigue assessment of machine components (welded and non-welded) |
| 47 | 4.7.4 Bolts |
| 49 | 4.7.5 Ropes, chains, safety devices, connectors and adapters 4.7.5.1 Ropes, chains, belts and straps |
| 51 | 4.7.5.2 Passenger safety locking devices 4.7.5.3 Connectors and adapters 4.8 Structural design and construction 4.8.1 Arrangement, accessibility 4.8.2 Locking and safety devices for fasteners 4.8.3 Joints intended for regular dismantling |
| 52 | 4.8.4 Designing of components subject to fluctuating loads 4.8.5 Supports 4.8.6 Central masts 4.8.7 Prevention of corrosion and rot 5 Requirements for design and manufacture of rides and structures 5.1 Risk reduction by prevailing design and safety measures 5.1.1 General |
| 53 | 5.1.2 Risk assessment 5.1.2.1 General 5.1.2.2 Design Risk Assessment (DRA) 5.1.2.3 Operation and Use Risk Assessment (OURA) 5.1.2.4 Hazard analysis |
| 54 | 5.1.3 Risk reduction for platforms, ramps, floors, stairs and walkways 5.1.3.1 General 5.1.3.2 Platforms and ramps |
| 55 | 5.1.3.3 Stairs |
| 57 | 5.1.3.4 Moving walkways, travelators and similar |
| 58 | 5.1.4 Risk reduction by the use of barriers, fencing and guarding 5.1.4.1 Protection against falls from one level to another barriers, fencing and guarding |
| 59 | 5.1.4.2 Protection against crushing, impact or entanglement |
| 60 | 5.1.4.3 Fences and Barriers |
| 62 | 5.1.5 Guarding of machinery parts 5.1.6 Risk reduction in the case of access and egress 5.1.6.1 Access to and egress from passengers units |
| 64 | 5.1.7 Risk reduction for passengers units 5.1.7.1 Safety distances from passengers units (Safety Envelope) |
| 69 | 5.1.7.2 Restraint devices limiting passenger movement |
| 77 | 5.1.7.3 Doors 5.1.7.4 Seats 5.1.7.5 Passenger containment 5.1.8 Requirements by special provisions 5.1.8.1 Criteria relative to passenger characteristics |
| 78 | 5.1.8.2 Passengers with special needs 5.1.8.3 Wind measuring devices 5.2 Supplementary safety requirements for various types of amusement device 5.2.1 Amusement rides with vertical axis 5.2.1.1 General |
| 79 | 5.2.1.2 Area separation systems access and egress openings 5.2.1.3 Passenger units |
| 80 | 5.2.2 Amusement rides with horizontal axis 5.2.2.1 General |
| 81 | 5.2.2.2 Area separation systems and access and egress openings 5.2.2.3 Passenger units 5.2.2.4 Restraints |
| 82 | 5.2.2.5 Miscellaneous 5.2.3 Rail-guided channel or track-bound amusement devices 5.2.3.1 General 5.2.3.2 Area separation systems and access and egress openings |
| 83 | 5.2.3.3 Passenger units 5.2.3.4 Restraints 5.2.3.5 Miscellaneous 5.2.3.6 Roller coaster track |
| 84 | 5.2.4 Dodgem cars/Bumper cars 5.2.4.1 General |
| 86 | 5.2.4.2 Area separating system and access and egress openings 5.2.4.3 Passenger units |
| 87 | 5.2.4.4 Miscellaneous 5.2.4.5 Electromechanical requirements for dodgem cars |
| 89 | 5.2.5 Speedways/Go-karts 5.2.5.1 General 5.2.5.2 Area separating system and access and egress openings 5.2.5.3 Passenger units 5.2.5.4 Restraints 5.2.5.5 Miscellaneous 5.2.6 Mini-motorbikes for children 5.2.6.1 Area separating system and access and egress openings |
| 90 | 5.2.6.2 Passenger units 5.2.6.3 Restraints 5.2.6.4 Miscellaneous 5.2.7 Boat rides 5.2.7.1 General 5.2.7.2 Area separation system and access and egress 5.2.7.3 Passenger units 5.2.7.4 Restraints 5.2.7.5 Miscellaneous |
| 91 | 5.2.8 Flume rides 5.2.8.1 Area separating system and access and egress openings 5.2.8.2 Passenger units |
| 92 | 5.2.8.3 Restraints 5.2.8.4 Miscellaneous 5.2.9 Helter skelters, slides, etc 5.2.9.1 General 5.2.9.2 Area separation system and access and egress openings |
| 93 | 5.2.9.3 Passenger units 5.2.9.4 Restraints 5.2.9.5 Miscellaneous 5.2.10 Side shows, booths, win-a-prize and sales stands, mazes, halls of mirrors, fun houses, labyrinths, hammers, ring the bell and similar 5.2.10.1 Fun houses |
| 94 | 5.2.10.2 Hall of mirrors |
| 95 | 5.2.10.3 Win-a-prize and sales stands 5.2.10.4 The hammer, ring the bell and similar installations 5.2.10.5 !Deleted” 5.2.10.6 Maneges 5.2.11 Shooting stands and trailers, shooting devices 5.2.11.1 Area separation system and access and egress openings 5.2.11.2 Miscellaneous |
| 96 | 5.2.11.3 Weapons 5.2.11.4 Ammunition 5.2.11.5 Targets |
| 97 | 5.3 Mechanical systems 5.3.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic devices 5.3.1.1 General requirements 5.3.1.2 Design 5.3.1.3 Travelling limits 5.3.1.4 Piping |
| 98 | 5.3.1.5 Hoses 5.3.1.6 Reservoir 5.3.1.7 Venting 5.3.1.8 Pressure limits 5.3.1.9 Fail to safe 5.3.1.10 Checking 5.3.1.11 Lowering 5.3.1.12 Protection 5.3.1.13 Emergency |
| 99 | 5.3.1.14 Cleanliness 5.3.2 Lifting and elevating units being integral part of a ride 5.3.2.1 General 5.3.2.2 Hoist unit brake 5.3.2.3 Limitation of the lifting and lowering movement 5.3.2.4 Overload protection 5.3.2.5 Slack rope or chain protection 5.3.2.6 Safety devices |
| 100 | 5.3.2.7 Suspension elements |
| 101 | 5.3.2.8 Hydraulic drives 5.3.2.9 Power screw drives 5.3.2.10 Rack and pinion drives 5.3.2.11 Pneumatic drives |
| 102 | 5.4 Manufacture and supply 5.4.1 Manufacturer 5.4.1.1 General 5.4.1.2 Requirements for the personnel 5.4.1.3 Subcontracting and supply 5.4.2 Quality assurance — Quality plan 5.4.2.1 General |
| 103 | 5.4.2.2 Material Quality requirements 5.4.2.3 Safety-related axles, shafts, bolts and pins 5.4.2.4 Certificates 5.4.2.5 Documentation |
| 104 | 5.4.3 Manufacturing process 5.4.3.1 General 5.4.3.2 Durability 5.4.3.3 Welding procedure 5.4.3.4 Steel welding |
| 105 | 5.4.3.5 Aluminium welding 5.4.3.6 Standards and requirements for non-destructive testing of welds 5.4.3.7 Plastic composites 5.4.4 Safety precautions to be taken by the manufacturer |
| 106 | 5.4.5 Electrical installations 5.5 Supply 5.5.1 Manuals 5.5.1.1 General 5.5.1.2 Assembly and dismantling instructions 5.5.1.3 Operating instructions |
| 107 | 5.5.1.4 Maintenance instructions 5.5.2 Special information |
| 108 | 5.5.3 Drawings and diagrams 5.6 Design documentation 5.6.1 General |
| 109 | 5.6.2 Description of installation and technical specification/information 5.7 Amusement Device Log 5.7.1 General 5.7.1.1 General 5.7.1.2 Content |
| 111 | 5.8 Official technical dossier 5.8.1 General 5.8.2 Content 5.8.3 Identification marking |
| 113 | Annex A (normative)Electrical equipment and control systems A.1 Electrical equipment A.1.1 General A.1.2 Protection against electric shocks A.1.2.1 General |
| 114 | A.1.2.2 Sliding contacts A.1.2.3 Earthing systems A.1.3 Protection against lightning A.1.4 Lighting A.1.4.1 General A.1.4.2 Emergency lighting |
| 115 | A.1.5 Generators A.1.6 Heaters and light fittings A.1.7 Communication !means” A.2 Control Systems A.2.1 General A.2.1.1 General A.2.1.2 SRCS particular requirements |
| 116 | A.2.2 Safety-related control functions A.2.2.1 General A.2.2.2 Start functions A.2.2.3 Evacuation |
| 117 | A.2.2.4 Stop functions A.2.3 Safety-related parameters |
| 118 | A.2.4 Passenger restraints A.2.4.1 General A.2.4.2 Safety integrity requirements |
| 119 | A.2.4.3 Loss of Power A.2.5 Fall Prevention A.2.5.1 General A.2.5.2 Safety integrity requirements |
| 120 | A.2.6 Inhibiting of safety functions |
| 121 | A.2.7 Operating modes A.2.7.1 General A.2.7.2 Operating mode selection A.2.7.3 Pre-operating mode A.2.7.4 Operating modes |
| 122 | A.2.7.5 Non-operating mode |
| 123 | A.2.8 Collision prevention safety function A.2.8.1 General A.2.8.2 Requirements A.2.8.3 Requirements for safety-related powered stopping and slowing devices |
| 124 | A.2.8.4 System Validation |
| 125 | Annex B (informative)Control systems – Best practices B.1 Security B.2 Example block zone logic B.3 Requirements for the positioning of sensors and stopping devices |
| 127 | Annex C (informative)Guidance on design of passenger containment |
| 132 | Annex D (informative)Amusement Device Log for an amusement device |
| 153 | Annex E (informative)List of main hazards, hazardous situations and events for spectators and passengers during the operation and use of amusement rides |
| 157 | Annex F (informative)Guest behaviour F.1 Scope F.2 Terms and definitions F.2.1 General F.2.2 Boarding passengers F.2.3 Riding passengers F.2.4 Exiting passengers F.2.5 Waiting passenger F.2.6 Behaviour F.2.7 Foreseeable behaviour |
| 158 | F.2.8 Parent or Supervision Companion F.2.9 Child F.2.10 Information to public F.2.11 Parents or Supervision Companions accompanying children F.3 Classification of age and basic capabilities |
| 160 | F.4 Human factors F.5 General Strategy of Risk mitigation in Guest Behaviour F.5.1 General F.5.2 Adults |
| 161 | F.5.3 Refusal of access F.5.4 Normal Behaviour F.5.5 Unacceptable behaviour |
| 162 | Annex G (informative)Limited accessibility to amusement devices |
| 164 | Annex H (informative)Safety envelope for passengers H.1 Design Criteria H.2 Anthropometric Basis H.3 Methods for Defining Safety Envelope Boundaries H.3.1 Documentation |
| 165 | H.3.2 Prerequisites H.3.3 Safety envelopes H.3.3.1 General H.3.3.2 Safety envelope by this standard (Type 1) H.3.3.3 Safety envelope by analysis of anthropometric data (Type 2) H.3.3.4 Publicly documented Safety envelopes (Type 3) H.3.4 Hazards and related safety envelope class |
| 167 | Annex I (informative)Acceleration effects on passengers I.1 Medical tolerance – General |
| 168 | I.2 Rides I.2.1 General I.2.2 General Definitions and Limitations I.2.2.1 Limitations / excluded influences I.2.2.2 Accelerations I.2.3 Acceleration in X-Direction |
| 170 | I.2.4 Acceleration in Y-Direction |
| 171 | I.2.5 Acceleration in Z-direction (parallel to Spine) |
| 172 | I.2.6 Combinations |
| 173 | I.3 Reversals I.3.1 Reversals in X and Y |
| 174 | I.3.2 Transitions in Z |
| 176 | I.4 Example obtaining admissible accelerations |
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