{"id":212279,"date":"2024-10-19T13:44:21","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T13:44:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bs-39982010\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T06:34:28","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T06:34:28","slug":"bs-39982010","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bs-39982010\/","title":{"rendered":"BS 3998:2010"},"content":{"rendered":"

This British Standard gives general recommendations for tree work.<\/p>\n

It gives guidance on management options for established trees (including soil care and tree felling) and overgrown hedges.<\/p>\n

\n

NOTE The principles of this standard may also be applied to some shrubs, which can have similar characteristics to trees.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

This British Standard does not give guidance on carrying out tree surveys or tree inspections. It considers the impact of work on an individual tree in relation to neighbouring trees, but does not cover overall management of tree populations.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n\t\tForeword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n\t0\tIntroduction
\t0.1\tTrees as self-optimizing organisms
\t0.2\tReasons for carrying out tree work <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n\t0.3\tPotential consequences of tree work <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nFigure 1\u2003Overview of standard and decision-making process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n\t0.4\tCategories of tree work: purposes and principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n\t1\tScope
\t2\tNormative references
\t3\tTerms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n\t4\tTree work safety and planning
\t4.1\tWork specification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n\t4.2\tSafety planning prior to carrying out tree work
\t4.3\tAvoiding transmission of pests and pathogens <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n\t4.4\tAvoiding damage from tree work operations
\t4.5\tSite management <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n\t5\tScheduling tree works
\t5.1\tRisk control
\t5.2\tSeason, weather and past damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n\t5.3\tHabitat and wildlife
\t5.4\tPhased work <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n\t6\tManagement of the rooting environment
\t6.1\tGeneral
\t6.2\tMulching <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n\t6.3\tAeration\/decompaction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n\t6.4\tRemoval\/replacement of soil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n\t6.5\tIrrigation\/drainage
\t6.6\tNutrient deficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n\t6.7\tOther treatments
\t7\tPruning and related work
\t7.1\tGeneral <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n\t7.2\tMinimizing the potentially undesirable effects of\u00a0pruning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nTable 1\u2003Maximum recommended number of cuts, according to size, on a tree of stem-diameter 600 mm <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nFigure 2\u2003Positions of final cuts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n\t7.3\tRisk management of deadwood <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n\t7.4\tFormative pruning
\t7.5\tCrown thinning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n\t7.6\tCrown lifting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n\t7.7\tCrown reduction and reshaping
Figure 3\u2003Crown lifting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nFigure 4\u2003Diagrammatic illustration of crown reduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n\t7.8\tSelective pruning
\t7.9\tPruning for infrastructure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n\t7.10\tPollarding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n\t7.11\tPruning of overgrown hedges
\t7.12\tClimbing plants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n\t7.13\tRemoval of inappropriate objects
\t8\tTreatment of wounds and other injuries
\t8.1\tGeneral <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n\t8.2\tTreatment of bark wounds
\t8.3\tTreatment of injuries that involve the wood <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n\t8.4\tExudation
\t8.5\tCankers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n\t8.6\tRoot injuries
\t9\tManagement of decay \u2013 cavities and water\u00a0pockets
\t9.1\tGeneral
\t9.2\tManagement of cavities and water pockets <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n\t9.3\tControl of access to cavities
\t10\tManagement of weak structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n\t10.1\tGeneral
\t10.2\tFactors to be taken into account when choosing a restraint or support system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n\t10.3\tConstruction of restraint systems
\t10.4\tFlexible restraint systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n\t10.5\tRigid bracing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n\t10.6\tPropping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n\t10.7\tGuying unstable trees
\t10.8\tFallen trees <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n\t10.9\tInspection and maintenance of restraint and support\u00a0systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n\t11\tOther attachments to trees
\t12\tTree felling and stump management
\t12.1\tGeneral <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n\t12.2\tTree felling
\t12.3\tStumps to be retained <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n\t12.4\tStumps to be removed\/destroyed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n\t13\tCompletion of work
\t13.1\tGeneral
\t13.2\tDisposal, utilization and retention of arisings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n\t13.3\tFollow-up work <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n\tAnnex A (informative)\tThe law affecting tree work
Table A.1\u2003Tree and habitat protection \u2013 Legislation and sources of information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n\tAnnex B (informative)\tManagement options <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\nTable B.1\u2003Management objectives and commonly applied pruning options <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\nTable B.2\u2003Root and soil problems: options for amelioration or remediation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nTable B.3\u2003Stump management options <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n\tAnnex C (normative)\tCrown management \u2013 specialized practices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n\tAnnex D (informative)\tAttaching restraint systems
Figure D.1\u2003\ufffdDiagrammatic illustration of components used in a non-invasive restraint system: double belt system with hollow braid polyester rope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\nFigure D.2\u2003\ufffdDiagrammatic illustration of components used in a non-invasive restraint system: monofilament polypropylene hollow rope system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nFigure D.3\u2003Diagrammatic illustration of components used in an invasive restraint system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nFigure D.4\u2003Diagrammatic illustration of systems for separating and securing rubbing branches <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n\t\tBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tree work. Recommendations<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2010<\/td>\n76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":212282,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[918,2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-212279","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-65-020-40","7":"product_cat-bsi","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"sold-individually","12":"shipping-taxable","13":"purchasable","14":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/212279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/212282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=212279"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=212279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}