This document describes the assessment methods and physical requirements associated with the manual handling of carts and dollies, specific to material handling systems.

All possible designs and applications could not be anticipated in creating these guidelines. Where there are questions of adherence to this document, such as use of an “off-the shelf” design, always consult the responsible Ergonomics Department.

Force guidelines were primarily developed referencing the push/pull psychophysical Snook data contained in A Guide to Manual Materials Handling (second edition) by Mital, Nicholson and Ayoub (NY: Taylor & Francis, 1997). The force guidelines accommodate 75% of female capabilities and 99% of male capabilities.

Factors that were included in the established guideline include: push / pull distances, vertical hand height, horizontal hand height, frequency and wheel / castor alignment and load rating. These factors were used to develop a conservative force guideline. The guidelines assume frequent handling of carts / dollies (handling frequency greater than once per minute) throughout a work shift. For carts that exceed the force guidelines and do not align with the assumptions utilized to determine the guidelines within the document, please contact the appropriate Ergonomic Subject Matter Expert for a deep dive ergonomic analysis. The deep dive analysis will account for the differences in the assumptions (i.e. frequency, push/pull distance, hand height, etc.).

This document describes the design, assessment methods and physical requirements associated with material handling systems. This would include, but not limited to manual dollies, small lot systems and kitting.

All possible designs and applications could not be anticipated in creating these guidelines. Where there are questions of adherence to this document, such as use of an “off-the shelf” design, always consult the responsible Ergonomics Department.

This standard is intended to cover cigar or cigarette lighters as well as power outlets based on the form and dimensions of the cigar lighter. This standard is a full performance specification, it includes dimensional and operational parameters as well as performance characteristics which must be met when submitting a cigar lighter assembly or power outlet assembly for production approval. This standard constitutes an acceptance specification for a surface mounted, front-loaded cigar lighter or power outlet.

The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice, trailer axle alignment, is to identify the dimensional limits of, and a method to, establish a perpendicular relationship between the king pin centerline and the axle centerline at its midpoint. Various types of equipment are commercially available which can be used for this measurement which provides varying degrees of accuracy, but none can be endorsed by SAE.

The most fundamental methods of measurement will be described here, but other equipment is available if a greater degree of accuracy is desired.

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes the recommended locations for the air brake and electrical connections for towing multiple trailers. It applies to all commercial trailers except drop frame and car haul types.