BS EN 81-22:2014
$215.11
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Lifts for the transport of persons and goods – Electric lifts with inclined path
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2014 | 212 |
1.1 This European Standard specifies the safety rules for the construction and installation of permanently installed new electric lifts, with traction or positive drive, serving defined landings levels, having a vehicle designed to convey passengers or passengers and loads, suspended by ropes or chains and travelling in a vertical plan along guide rails that are inclined at an angle of between 15° and 75° in relation to the horizontal. 1.2 In addition to the requirements of this standard, supplementary requirements should be considered in special cases (potentially explosive atmosphere, extreme climate conditions, seismic conditions, transporting dangerous goods, etc.). 1.3 This European Standard does not cover: a) lifts with drives other than those stated in 1.1; b) installation of electric lifts in existing buildings to the extent that space does not permit; c) important modifications (see Annex E) to a lift installed before this standard is brought into application; d) lifting appliances, such as paternosters, mine lifts, theatrical lifts, appliances with automatic caging, skips, lifts and hoists for building and public works sites, ships’ hoists, platforms for exploration or drilling at sea, construction and maintenance appliances; e) safety during transport, installation, repairs, and dismantling of lifts; f) lifts with rated speed ? 0,15 m/s. However, this standard may usefully be taken as a basis. Noise is not dealt with in this standard because it is not relevant to the safe use of the lift. Vibrations are dealt with for electric parts only. Direct effects on human bodies are not considered as harmful. 1.4 This European Standard does not specify the additional requirements necessary for the use of lifts in case of fire. 1.5 Taking into account the state of art, the scope of the present standard is limited as follows: – inclination: a variation in inclination is permitted for the travel path; – travel path: confined within the vertical plane; – maximum capacity of the car: 7 500 kg (100 passengers); – maximum rated speed (v): 4 m/s. Both characteristics (capacity and speed) are linked by the relation given in the following Figure 1. (…) The standard applies to all the constituent components of the lift including: running tracks, guides, safety gear operating device, counter-rails, but excludes the supporting structures, civil engineering structures and anchorages that are dealt with by other regulations. 1.6 This standard is not applicable for inclined lifts which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 8 | 0 Introduction 0.1 General 0.2 Considerations 0.3 Principles |
| 9 | 0.4 Assumptions |
| 12 | 1 Scope |
| 13 | 2 Normative references |
| 15 | 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions |
| 21 | 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms 3.2.1 Symbols 3.2.2 Abbreviated terms 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General |
| 24 | 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General provisions 5.2 Lift well 5.2.1 General provisions 5.2.2 Well enclosure 5.2.2.1 General 5.2.2.2 Totally enclosed well |
| 25 | 5.2.2.3 Partially enclosed well |
| 26 | 5.2.2.4 Inspection and emergency doors – Inspection traps |
| 27 | 5.2.2.5 Ventilation of the well 5.2.3 Walls, floor, ceilings 5.2.3.1 General |
| 28 | 5.2.3.2 Strength of the walls 5.2.3.3 Strength of the pit floor 5.2.3.4 Strength of the ceiling 5.2.3.5 Structure 5.2.4 Construction of the walls of lift wells and landing doors facing a car entrance |
| 29 | 5.2.5 Protection of any spaces located in the vehicle trajectory, the counterweight or the balancing weight at the lowest level 5.2.6 Protection in the well 5.2.6.1 General provisions |
| 30 | 5.2.6.2 Several lifts in the well 5.2.7 Headroom and pit 5.2.7.1 General |
| 31 | 5.2.7.2 Access to the headroom through the car roof |
| 32 | 5.2.7.3 Access to the headroom through the well 5.2.7.4 Pit |
| 33 | 5.2.7.5 Lifts with front mounted doors 5.2.8 Exclusive use of the well 5.2.9 Lighting of the well |
| 34 | 5.2.10 Emergency release 5.2.11 Access to the well through a landing door 5.2.12 Protection of the areas under the running track 5.3 Machine, working areas and pulley spaces 5.3.1 General provisions 5.3.2 Access |
| 35 | 5.3.3 Machinery in machine room 5.3.3.1 General provisions 5.3.3.2 Mechanical strength, floor surface |
| 36 | 5.3.3.3 Dimensions 5.3.3.4 Doors and trap doors 5.3.3.5 Other openings |
| 37 | 5.3.3.6 Ventilation 5.3.3.7 Lighting and socket outlets 5.3.3.8 Handling of equipment 5.3.4 Working areas and machinery inside the well 5.3.4.1 General provisions 5.3.4.2 Dimensions of working areas inside the well |
| 38 | 5.3.4.3 Working stations in the car or on the car roof |
| 39 | 5.3.4.4 Working areas in the pit and in the headroom of the well 5.3.4.5 Working areas on a platform in the well |
| 40 | 5.3.4.6 Doors and traps |
| 41 | 5.3.4.7 Ventilation 5.3.4.8 Lighting and socket outlets 5.3.4.9 Handling of equipment 5.3.5 Working areas and machinery outside of the well 5.3.5.1 General provisions |
| 42 | 5.3.5.2 Machinery cabinet 5.3.5.3 Working area 5.3.5.4 Ventilation 5.3.5.5 Lighting and socket outlets 5.3.6 Devices for emergency and test operations |
| 43 | 5.3.7 Construction and equipment of pulley spaces 5.3.7.1 Pulley rooms |
| 45 | 5.3.7.2 Pulleys in the well 5.4 Landing doors 5.4.1 General provisions 5.4.2 Strength of doors and their frames 5.4.2.1 General provisions 5.4.2.2 Behaviour under fire conditions 5.4.2.3 Mechanical strength |
| 46 | 5.4.3 Height and width of entrances 5.4.3.1 Height 5.4.3.2 Width 5.4.4 Sills, guides, door suspension 5.4.4.1 Sills 5.4.4.2 Guides |
| 47 | 5.4.4.3 Suspension of vertically sliding doors 5.4.5 Protection in relation to door operation 5.4.5.1 General 5.4.5.2 Power operated doors |
| 49 | 5.4.6 Local lighting and “car here” signal lights 5.4.6.1 Local lighting 5.4.6.2 “Car here” indication 5.4.7 Locking and closed landing door check 5.4.7.1 Protection against the risk of falling 5.4.7.2 Protection against shearing |
| 50 | 5.4.7.3 Locking and emergency unlocking |
| 51 | 5.4.7.4 Electrical device for proving the landing door closed 5.4.7.5 Requirements common to devices for proving the locked condition and the closed condition of the door |
| 52 | 5.4.7.6 Sliding doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels 5.4.8 Closing of automatically operated doors 5.5 Car, vehicle, counterweight, balancing weight 5.5.1 Height of the car 5.5.2 Available car area, rated load, number of passengers 5.5.2.1 General case |
| 53 | 5.5.2.2 Goods passenger lifts 5.5.2.3 Number of passengers |
| 54 | 5.5.3 Walls, floor and roof of the car 5.5.3.1 Structural design |
| 55 | 5.5.3.2 Maintaining of passengers and of goods 5.5.3.3 Fire protection |
| 56 | 5.5.3.4 Floor of the car and link with the landings 5.5.4 Car apron 5.5.5 Car entrance 5.5.6 Car doors 5.5.6.1 General provision |
| 57 | 5.5.6.2 Sills, guides, door suspension 5.5.6.3 Mechanical strength 5.5.7 Protection during operation of doors 5.5.7.1 General 5.5.7.2 Power operated doors |
| 59 | 5.5.8 Reversal of closing movement 5.5.9 Electrical device for proving the car doors closed 5.5.10 Sliding doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels 5.5.11 Opening the car door |
| 60 | 5.5.12 Emergency trap doors and emergency doors 5.5.12.1 General 5.5.12.2 Emergency trap doors 5.5.12.3 Emergency doors 5.5.12.4 Locking of emergency trap doors and emergency doors |
| 61 | 5.5.13 Working station 5.5.13.1 General 5.5.13.2 Strength and dimensions 5.5.13.3 Balustrade |
| 62 | 5.5.14 Car header and car sides 5.5.15 Inspection equipment 5.5.16 Ventilation, heating, air-conditioning 5.5.17 Lighting |
| 63 | 5.5.18 Counterweight and balancing weight 5.5.19 Running/sliding elements 5.5.20 Element for maintaining the vehicle inside the dynamic envelope 5.5.21 Clearance of obstacles 5.6 Suspension, compensation, overspeed protection and protection against unintended vehicle movement 5.6.1 Suspension |
| 64 | 5.6.2 Sheave, pulley, drum and rope diameter ratios, rope/chain terminations, safety coefficients 5.6.2.1 Sheave, pulley, drum and rope 5.6.2.2 Chains |
| 65 | 5.6.3 Rope traction |
| 66 | 5.6.4 Winding up of ropes for positive drive lifts 5.6.5 Distribution of load between the ropes or the chains 5.6.6 Compensation with ropes/loop ropes |
| 67 | 5.6.7 Protection for traction sheaves, pulleys and sprockets |
| 68 | 5.6.8 Safety gear 5.6.8.1 General provisions 5.6.8.2 Safety gear conditions of use 5.6.8.3 Methods of tripping |
| 69 | 5.6.8.4 Retardation 5.6.8.5 Release 5.6.8.6 Constructional conditions 5.6.8.7 Inclination of the car floor 5.6.8.8 Electrical checking 5.6.9 Overspeed governor 5.6.9.1 Operation of the overspeed governor |
| 70 | 5.6.9.2 Overspeed governor driven by rope 5.6.9.3 Mechanical overspeed governor not driven by rope 5.6.9.4 Programmable electronic overspeed governor |
| 71 | 5.6.9.5 Response time 5.6.9.6 Accessibility 5.6.9.7 Tripping of the overspeed governor 5.6.9.8 Electrical checking |
| 72 | 5.6.10 Ascending vehicle overspeed protection means |
| 73 | 5.6.11 Protection against unintended vehicle movement |
| 74 | 5.7 Running tracks, guide rails, counter-guide rails and safety gear operating element – Buffers – Final limit switches 5.7.1 General provisions concerning the running tracks, guide rails, counter-guide rails and safety gear gripping element 5.7.1.1 Mechanical strength |
| 75 | 5.7.1.2 Permissible stresses and deflections for T-profile guide rails 5.7.1.3 Fixing |
| 76 | 5.7.2 Travel and guiding of the vehicle, counterweight or balancing weight 5.7.2.1 Running tracks 5.7.2.2 Guide rails 5.7.2.3 Counter-guide rail 5.7.2.4 Safety gear gripping element 5.7.2.5 Multi-function element 5.7.3 Vehicle and counterweight buffers |
| 77 | 5.7.4 Stroke of vehicle and counterweight buffers 5.7.4.1 Energy accumulation type buffers |
| 78 | 5.7.4.2 Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement 5.7.4.3 Energy dissipation type buffers |
| 79 | 5.7.5 Final limit switches 5.7.5.1 General 5.7.5.2 Actuation of the final limit switches 5.7.5.3 Method of operation of final limit switches |
| 80 | 5.8 Clearances between vehicle and wall facing the vehicle entrance, and between car, counterweight or balancing weight 5.8.1 General provision 5.8.2 Clearances between vehicle and wall facing the vehicle entrance 5.8.3 Clearances between vehicle, counterweight or balancing weight |
| 81 | 5.9 Lift machine 5.9.1 General provision 5.9.2 Drive of the vehicle and the counterweight or balancing weight |
| 82 | 5.9.3 Use of overhung pulleys or sprockets 5.9.4 Braking system 5.9.4.1 General provisions 5.9.4.2 Electro-mechanical brake |
| 83 | 5.9.5 Emergency operation 5.9.6 Speed |
| 84 | 5.9.7 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped condition 5.9.7.1 General provisions 5.9.7.2 Motors supplied directly from AC or DC mains 5.9.7.3 Drive using a “Ward-Leonard” system 5.9.7.4 AC or DC motor supplied and controlled by static elements |
| 85 | 5.9.7.5 Control devices and monitoring devices 5.9.8 Monitoring the slowdown of the machine |
| 86 | 5.9.9 Positive drive lifts – Monitoring of the tension of the ropes/chains 5.9.10 Motor run time limiter 5.9.11 Protection of machinery |
| 87 | 5.9.12 Normal stopping of the car at landings and levelling accuracy 5.9.13 Starting/slowdown of the vehicle 5.10 Electric installations and appliances 5.10.1 General provisions 5.10.1.1 Limits of application |
| 88 | 5.10.1.2 Protection against direct contact 5.10.1.3 Insulation resistance of the electrical installation (CENELEC HD 60364-6:2007) 5.10.1.4 Voltage limit for control and safety circuits 5.10.1.5 Conductor for neutral and earth-continuity 5.10.2 Contactors, relay-contactors, components of safety circuits 5.10.2.1 Contactors and relay-contactors |
| 89 | 5.10.2.2 Components of safety circuits 5.10.3 Protection of motors and other electrical equipment |
| 90 | 5.10.4 Main switches |
| 91 | 5.10.5 Electric wiring 5.10.5.1 Types of cable 5.10.5.2 Cross-sectional area of conductors |
| 92 | 5.10.5.3 Method of installation 5.10.5.4 Connectors 5.10.5.5 Lighting and socket outlets |
| 93 | 5.10.5.6 Control of the supply for lighting and socket outlets 5.11 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities 5.11.1 Failure analysis and electric safety devices 5.11.1.1 Failure analysis |
| 94 | 5.11.1.2 Electric safety devices |
| 97 | 5.11.1.3 Operation of electric safety devices |
| 105 | 5.11.2 Controls 5.11.2.1 Control of lift operations |
| 108 | 5.11.2.2 Stopping devices 5.11.2.3 Emergency alarm device 5.11.2.4 Priorities and signals 5.11.2.5 Load control |
| 109 | 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures 6.1 Methods to be used |
| 116 | 6.2 Specific data, test reports and certificates 7 Information for use 7.1 General 7.2 Signals and warning devices 7.2.1 General provisions |
| 117 | 7.2.2 Inside the car 7.2.2.1 Rated load 7.2.2.2 Emergency alarm device 7.2.2.3 Control devices 7.2.2.4 Instruction for use 7.2.3 At the landings |
| 118 | 7.2.4 At the entrance to the well 7.2.5 At the machinery and pulley spaces |
| 119 | 7.2.6 At working stations 7.2.7 In the well 7.2.8 At the control unit 7.2.8.1 Electrical identification 7.2.8.2 Unlocking key for landing doors |
| 120 | 7.2.9 On safety components 7.2.9.1 Device against ascending vehicle overspeed 7.2.9.2 Safety gear 7.2.9.3 Overspeed governor 7.2.9.4 Buffers 7.2.9.5 Door locking devices |
| 121 | 7.2.9.6 Safety devices containing electronic components 7.3 Inspection and test 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Constructional inspection and acceptance inspection and test 7.3.2.1 Examination 7.3.2.2 Documentation 7.3.3 Periodical examinations and tests |
| 122 | 7.4 Accompanying documents (in particular, instruction handbook) 7.4.1 Contents |
| 124 | 7.4.2 Presentation of the instruction handbook 7.4.3 Advice for drafting and editing information for use 7.4.4 Register 7.4.4.1 General |
| 125 | 7.4.4.2 Technical section 7.4.4.3 Section for reports and observations 7.4.5 Marking in the car |
| 126 | Annex A (normative)List of the safety contacts |
| 128 | Annex B (normative)Unlocking triangle |
| 129 | Annex C (informative)Technical dossier C.1 Introduction C.2 General C.3 Technical documents and plans |
| 130 | C.4 Electric schematic diagrams C.5 Verification of conformity |
| 131 | Annex D (normative)Examinations and tests before putting into service D.1 General D.2 Examinations D.3 Tests and verifications |
| 135 | Annex E (informative)Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident E.1 Periodical examinations and tests E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident |
| 137 | Annex F (normative)Safety components – Test procedures for verification of conformity F.0 Introduction F.0.1 General provisions |
| 138 | F.0.2 Model form of type examination certificate F.1 Landing door locking devices F.1.1 General provisions F.1.1.1 Field of application F.1.1.2 Object and extent of the test |
| 139 | F.1.1.3 Documents to be submitted for a type test F.1.1.4 Test samples F.1.2 Examination and tests F.1.2.1 Examination of operation |
| 140 | F.1.2.2 Mechanical tests F.1.2.3 Criteria for the mechanical tests |
| 141 | F.1.2.4 Electrical test |
| 142 | F.1.3 Test particular to certain types of locking devices F.1.3.1 Locking device for horizontally or vertically sliding doors with several panels F.1.3.2 Flap type locking device for hinged door F.1.4 Type examination certificate F.2 Safety gear F.2.1 General provisions |
| 143 | F.2.2 Progressive safety gear or instantaneous safety gear with buffered effect F.2.2.1 Statement and test sample F.2.2.2 Test |
| 145 | F.2.2.3 Calculation of the permissible mass F.2.2.4 Possible modification to the adjustments F.2.3 Comments |
| 146 | F.2.4 Type examination certificate F.3 Overspeed governors F.3.1 General provisions |
| 147 | F.3.2 Check on the characteristics of the governor F.3.2.1 Test samples F.3.2.2 Test for systems driven by a rope |
| 148 | F.3.2.3 Test for the other systems F.3.3 Type examination certificate |
| 149 | F.4 Buffers F.4.1 General provisions F.4.2 Samples to be submitted F.4.3 Test F.4.3.1 Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement |
| 151 | F.4.3.2 Energy dissipation buffers |
| 152 | F.4.3.3 Buffers with non-linear characteristics |
| 154 | F.4.4 Type examination certificate |
| 155 | F.4.5 Buffers subjected to be stressed at the end of the travel F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components and/or programmable electronic systems (PESSRAL) F.5.1 General F.5.2 General provisions F.5.2.1 Safety circuits containing electronic components F.5.2.2 Safety circuits based on programmable electronic systems |
| 156 | F.5.3 Test samples F.5.4 Mechanical tests F.5.4.1 General F.5.4.2 Vibrations F.5.4.3 Bumping |
| 157 | F.5.5 Climatic stress testing F.5.5.1 Temperature tests F.5.5.2 Humidity tests F.5.6 Functional and safety test of PESSRAL |
| 158 | F.5.7 Type examination certificate F.6 Ascending vehicle overspeed protection means F.6.1 General provisions F.6.2 Statement and test sample |
| 159 | F.6.3 Test F.6.3.1 Method of test F.6.3.2 Test procedure |
| 160 | F.6.3.3 Checking after the tests F.6.4 Possible modification to the adjustments F.6.5 Test report |
| 161 | F.6.6 Type examination certificate F.7 Unintended vehicle movement protection means F.7.1 General provisions F.7.1.1 Key parameters |
| 162 | F.7.1.2 Documents F.7.2 Statement and test sample F.7.3 Test F.7.3.1 Method of Test |
| 163 | F.7.3.2 Test procedure F.7.3.3 Checks after the test F.7.4 Possible modification to the adjustments |
| 164 | F.7.5 Test report F.7.6 Type examination certificate |
| 166 | Annex G (informative)Calculation of the supporting structure, the running tracks, the guide rails, the vehicle and the safety gear gripping element G.1 General G.2 Actions to take into account for calculation G.2.1 General G.2.1.1 Principal classifications of actions |
| 167 | G.2.2 Action relating to lifts with inclined travel path G.2.2.1 Permanent actions G.2.2.2 Variable actions |
| 168 | G.2.2.3 Accidental actions |
| 169 | G.3 Proof of guide rails |
| 170 | Annex H (normative)Electronic components- Failure exclusion H.1 Scope H.2 Failure exclusions – conditions |
| 174 | Annex I (informative)Safety circuits I.1 Design guide-line for safety circuits I.2 Description of possible measures |
| 181 | Annex J (normative)Pendulum shock tests J.1 General J.2 Test rig J.2.1 Hard pendulum shock device J.2.2 Soft pendulum shock device J.2.3 Suspension of the pendulum shock device J.2.4 Pulling and triggering device J.3 Panels J.4 Test procedure |
| 182 | J.5 Interpretation of the results J.6 Test report J.7 Exceptions from the tests |
| 187 | Annex K (informative)Traction evaluation K.1 General provisions K.2 Traction calculation K.2.1 Basic formulae |
| 188 | K.2.2 Evaluation of T1 and T2 K.2.2.1 Car loading condition K.2.2.2 Emergency braking condition K.2.2.3 Counterweight stalled condition K.2.2.4 Sagging effect |
| 189 | K.2.3 Evaluation of the friction factor f K.2.3.1 Grooving considerations |
| 191 | K.2.3.2 Friction coefficient consideration |
| 192 | K.3 Practical example |
| 195 | Annex L (normative)Evaluation of safety factor for suspension ropes L.1 General L.2 Equivalent number Nequiv of pulleys L.2.1 General L.2.2 Evaluation of Nequiv (t) |
| 196 | L.2.3 Evaluation of Nequiv(p) L.3 Static safety factor |
| 197 | L.4 Examples |
| 199 | Annex M (informative)Machinery spaces – Access (5.3.3) |
| 200 | Annex N (informative)Building interfaces N.1 General provisions N.2 Support of guide rails N.3 Ventilation of car, lift well and machinery spaces N.3.1 General |
| 201 | N.3.2 Ventilation of the well and car |
| 202 | N.3.3 Ventilation of machinery spaces |
| 203 | Annex O (informative)Environment: aspects to be considered for a risk analysis |
| 205 | Annex P (informative)Determination of anti-slip properties for floor surfaces P.1 General P.2 Testing and assessing anti-slip properties |
| 207 | Annex ZA (informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC |
