ACI 445R 99 1999
$38.73
445R-99: Recent Approaches to Shear Design of Structural Concrete (Reapproved 2009)
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| ACI | 1999 | 55 |
Truss model approaches and related theories for the design of reinforced concrete members to resist shear are presented. Realistic models for the design of deep beams, corbels, and other nonstandard structural members are illustrated. The background theories and the complementary nature of a number of different approaches for the shear design of structural concrete are discussed. These relatively new procedures provide a unified, intelligible, and safe design framework for proportioning structural concrete under combined load effects. Keywords: beams (supports); concrete; design; detailing; failure; models; shear strength; structural concrete; strut and tie.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | CONTENTS CONTENTS |
| 2 | CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION 1.1— Scope and objectives 1.1— Scope and objectives 1.2—Historical development of shear design provisions 1.2—Historical development of shear design provisions |
| 4 | 1.3—Overview of current ACI design procedures 1.3—Overview of current ACI design procedures |
| 5 | 1.4—Summary 1.4—Summary CHAPTER 2— COMPRESSION FIELD APPROACHES CHAPTER 2— COMPRESSION FIELD APPROACHES 2.1— Introduction 2.1— Introduction |
| 6 | 2.2—Compression field theory 2.2—Compression field theory |
| 7 | 2.3—Stress-strain relationships for diagonally cracked concrete 2.3—Stress-strain relationships for diagonally cracked concrete |
| 9 | 2.4—Modified compression field theory 2.4—Modified compression field theory |
| 11 | 2.5—Rotating-angle softened-truss model 2.5—Rotating-angle softened-truss model |
| 12 | 2.6— Design procedure based on modified compression field theory 2.6— Design procedure based on modified compression field theory |
| 13 | 2.6.1 Minimum shear reinforcement 2.6.1 Minimum shear reinforcement |
| 14 | 2.6.2 Example: Determine stirrup spacing in reinforced concrete beam 2.6.2 Example: Determine stirrup spacing in reinforced concrete beam 2.6.3 Example: Determine stirrup spacing in a prestressed concrete beam 2.6.3 Example: Determine stirrup spacing in a prestressed concrete beam |
| 15 | 2.6.4 Design of member without stirrups 2.6.4 Design of member without stirrups |
| 16 | 2.6.5 Additional design considerations 2.6.5 Additional design considerations |
| 17 | CHAPTER 3— TRUSS APPROACHES WITH CONCRETE CONTRIBUTION CHAPTER 3— TRUSS APPROACHES WITH CONCRETE CONTRIBUTION 3.1— Introduction 3.1— Introduction 3.2—Overview of recent European codes 3.2—Overview of recent European codes |
| 19 | 3.3—Modified sectional-truss model approach 3.3—Modified sectional-truss model approach |
| 20 | 3.4—Truss models with crack friction 3.4—Truss models with crack friction 3.4.1 Equilibrium of truss models with crack friction 3.4.1 Equilibrium of truss models with crack friction 3.4.2 Inclination and spacing of inclined cracks 3.4.2 Inclination and spacing of inclined cracks |
| 21 | 3.4.3 Constitutive laws for crack friction 3.4.3 Constitutive laws for crack friction 3.4.4 Determining shear resistance Vf =Vc due to crack friction 3.4.4 Determining shear resistance Vf =Vc due to crack friction 3.4.5 Stresses and strength of concrete between cracks 3.4.5 Stresses and strength of concrete between cracks |
| 23 | 3.5—Fixed-angle softened-truss models 3.5—Fixed-angle softened-truss models |
| 24 | 3.6—Summary 3.6—Summary |
| 25 | CHAPTER 4— MEMBERS WITHOUT TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT CHAPTER 4— MEMBERS WITHOUT TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT 4.1— Introduction 4.1— Introduction 4.2—Empirical methods 4.2—Empirical methods |
| 26 | 4.3—Mechanisms of shear transfer 4.3—Mechanisms of shear transfer 4.3.1 Overview 4.3.1 Overview 4.3.2 Uncracked concrete and flexural compression zone 4.3.2 Uncracked concrete and flexural compression zone |
| 27 | 4.3.3 Interface shear transfer 4.3.3 Interface shear transfer |
| 28 | 4.3.4 Dowel action of longitudinal reinforcement 4.3.4 Dowel action of longitudinal reinforcement 4.3.5 Residual tensile stresses across cracks 4.3.5 Residual tensile stresses across cracks 4.4—Models for members without transverse reinforcement 4.4—Models for members without transverse reinforcement 4.4.1 Introduction 4.4.1 Introduction |
| 29 | 4.4.2 Fracture mechanics approaches 4.4.2 Fracture mechanics approaches 4.4.3 Simple strut-and-tie models 4.4.3 Simple strut-and-tie models 4.4.4 Tooth model for slender members 4.4.4 Tooth model for slender members |
| 30 | 4.4.5 Truss models with concrete ties 4.4.5 Truss models with concrete ties |
| 31 | 4.4.6 Modified compression field theory 4.4.6 Modified compression field theory |
| 32 | 4.4.7 Toward a consistent method 4.4.7 Toward a consistent method 4.5—Important parameters influencing shear capacity 4.5—Important parameters influencing shear capacity 4.5.1 Depth of member or size effect 4.5.1 Depth of member or size effect 4.5.2 Shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d) and support conditions 4.5.2 Shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d) and support conditions |
| 33 | 4.5.3 Longitudinal reinforcement 4.5.3 Longitudinal reinforcement |
| 34 | 4.5.4 Axial force 4.5.4 Axial force 4.6—Conclusions 4.6—Conclusions |
| 35 | CHAPTER 5— SHEAR FRICTION CHAPTER 5— SHEAR FRICTION 5.1— Introduction 5.1— Introduction 5.2—Shear-friction hypothesis 5.2—Shear-friction hypothesis 5.3—Empirical developments 5.3—Empirical developments |
| 36 | 5.4—Analytical developments 5.4—Analytical developments 5.5—Code developments 5.5—Code developments |
| 37 | CHAPTER 6— DESIGN WITH STRUT- AND- TIE MODELS CHAPTER 6— DESIGN WITH STRUT- AND- TIE MODELS 6.1— Introduction 6.1— Introduction |
| 38 | 6.2—Design of B regions 6.2—Design of B regions |
| 39 | 6.3—Design of D regions 6.3—Design of D regions 6.3.1 Definition of D region 6.3.1 Definition of D region 6.3.2 Choosing strut-and-tie model 6.3.2 Choosing strut-and-tie model |
| 41 | 6.3.3 Checking compressive stresses in struts 6.3.3 Checking compressive stresses in struts 6.3.4 Design of nodal zones 6.3.4 Design of nodal zones |
| 44 | 6.3.5 Design of tension ties 6.3.5 Design of tension ties 6.3.6 Anchorage of tension ties 6.3.6 Anchorage of tension ties 6.3.7 Design procedure 6.3.7 Design procedure |
| 45 | 6.3.8 Examples of strut-and tie models 6.3.8 Examples of strut-and tie models |
| 46 | CHAPTER 7— SUMMARY CHAPTER 7— SUMMARY 7.1— Introduction 7.1— Introduction 7.2—Truss models 7.2—Truss models |
| 48 | 7.3—Members without transverse reinforcement 7.3—Members without transverse reinforcement 7.4—Additional work 7.4—Additional work |
| 49 | APPENDIX A— ACI 318M-95 SHEAR DESIGN APPROACH FOR BEAMS APPENDIX A— ACI 318M-95 SHEAR DESIGN APPROACH FOR BEAMS A-1—Notation A-1—Notation |
| 50 | A-2—Acknowledgments A-2—Acknowledgments APPENDIX B— REFERENCES APPENDIX B— REFERENCES B-1— Referenced standards and reports B-1— Referenced standards and reports B-2—Cited references B-2—Cited references |
